Titanium alloy locking nuts achieve the anti-loosening function through various mechanical structures. The common ones include the following types:

Full-metal locking type
· Nylon locking nut: A nylon ring is embedded on the top of the nut. When the bolt is screwed in, it will compress the nylon ring, generating significant frictional force and radial pressure, thereby achieving locking. This is the most common and cost-effective type.
· Metal insert locking nut: An elastic metal ring (usually phosphor bronze or stainless steel) is embedded on the top of the nut. The principle is similar to that of the nylon ring, but it can withstand higher temperatures and harsh environments.
2. Top locking type
· Grooved/Conical Nut: The top of the nut has several slots and is slightly tapered. When the bolt is inserted, it will expand the tapered part, and the elastic deformation will generate the rebound force to lock the threads. This is commonly used in the aerospace industry.

3. Free Spin Transformation
· Flange face nut: Features a wide flange disc, which increases the contact area, disperses pressure, and reduces loosening. It is usually used in combination with other locking mechanisms (such as nylon rings).
· Schiblu / Disc Spring Washer Nut: The bottom of the nut is integrated with a disc-shaped spring washer. When tightened, the spring is flattened, generating continuous axial tension, which can effectively compensate for the decrease in preload caused by vibration and thermal expansion and contraction, and has an excellent anti-loosening effect.
4. Double nuts
Two ordinary titanium alloy nuts are used. One is used as the main nut for tightening, and the other serves as the locking nut to secure it from the top. This is a simple and reliable mechanical locking method, but it has a relatively heavy weight and occupies a considerable amount of space.

In summary, the titanium alloy locking nut is a high-end fastener "designed for performance". It meets the requirements of extreme working conditions while also incurring higher costs. When choosing and using it, one needs to comprehensively consider its advantages and disadvantages as well as the application scenarios.